Benchmarking measures a business against its competitors.

Contribution/sales ratio is profit divided by sales.

Spending to budget, padding the budget and creative budgeting are all common behavioral responses to budgeting.

The product portfolio matrix consists of dogs, question marks, stars and cash balls.

The discount rate normally used for discounting cash flows is the company's weighted average cost of capital.

The commonest limiting factor on the budgeting process is production.

We identify activity cost drivers in activity-based costing.

Non-financial items are not important in decision makiing

In batch costing if we had 100 units that were 50% complete this would equal 50 equivalent units.